The Federalist Papers

On Federalist No. 79: The Judiciary Department Continued, a Reading Room essay

On Federalist No. 79: The Judiciary Department ...

Michael Fowler

Hamilton continues on the judiciary, defending protected judicial salaries and the limited grounds for removing judges. Independence, he argues, requires that judges not be punished through their pay or hounded...

On Federalist No. 79: The Judiciary Department ...

Michael Fowler

Hamilton continues on the judiciary, defending protected judicial salaries and the limited grounds for removing judges. Independence, he argues, requires that judges not be punished through their pay or hounded...

On Federalist No. 78: The Judiciary Department, a Reading Room essay

On Federalist No. 78: The Judiciary Department

Michael Fowler

Hamilton opens the case for the judiciary, defending lifetime tenure during good behavior and introducing judicial review. The courts, he argues, are the least dangerous branch, holding neither sword nor...

On Federalist No. 78: The Judiciary Department

Michael Fowler

Hamilton opens the case for the judiciary, defending lifetime tenure during good behavior and introducing judicial review. The courts, he argues, are the least dangerous branch, holding neither sword nor...

On Federalist No. 77: The Appointing Power Continued and Other Powers of the Executive Considered, a Reading Room essay

On Federalist No. 77: The Appointing Power Cont...

Michael Fowler

Hamilton continues on the appointment power and reviews the executive's authority as a whole, arguing the office is strong enough to function and checked enough to stay safe. He closes...

On Federalist No. 77: The Appointing Power Cont...

Michael Fowler

Hamilton continues on the appointment power and reviews the executive's authority as a whole, arguing the office is strong enough to function and checked enough to stay safe. He closes...

On Federalist No. 76: The Appointing Power of the Executive, a Reading Room essay

On Federalist No. 76: The Appointing Power of t...

Michael Fowler

Hamilton takes up appointments, defending the president's power to nominate with the Senate's advice and consent. The arrangement, he argues, fixes responsibility for good appointments while guarding against favoritism and...

On Federalist No. 76: The Appointing Power of t...

Michael Fowler

Hamilton takes up appointments, defending the president's power to nominate with the Senate's advice and consent. The arrangement, he argues, fixes responsibility for good appointments while guarding against favoritism and...

On Federalist No. 75: The Treaty Making Power of the Executive, a Reading Room essay

On Federalist No. 75: The Treaty Making Power o...

Michael Fowler

Hamilton defends the treaty power shared by president and Senate, arguing that treaty-making fits neither branch alone. The combination joins the executive's capacity to negotiate with the legislature's check on...

On Federalist No. 75: The Treaty Making Power o...

Michael Fowler

Hamilton defends the treaty power shared by president and Senate, arguing that treaty-making fits neither branch alone. The combination joins the executive's capacity to negotiate with the legislature's check on...

On Federalist No. 74: The Command of the Military and Naval Forces, and the Pardoning Power of the Executive, a Reading Room essay

On Federalist No. 74: The Command of the Milita...

Michael Fowler

Hamilton explains the president's role as commander in chief and the pardon power, arguing both call for the focus and humanity a single person can bring. The pardon in particular,...

On Federalist No. 74: The Command of the Milita...

Michael Fowler

Hamilton explains the president's role as commander in chief and the pardon power, arguing both call for the focus and humanity a single person can bring. The pardon in particular,...